Hakan SARAÇ

The language, which shows itself in all spheres of life, is accepted as a system of indicators after F.de Saussure. Because language, which is the most basic unit of semiotics, records message that is intended to be given to linguistic signs in the context of signifier and signified. This is the event that the language encrypts information. From the point of view language is defined as a system of codes. Thus, language is primarily universal. Moreover, in the cultural environment in which it is located, language can become a national and cultural value. In this way, worldview of a society manifests itself in the language. In this context, it is tried to elucidate how this function of language is realized within the framework of linguoculturological approach on selected examples from various languages. In the analysis part of the study words, idioms and proverbs of the Russian, Turkish and English languages, which have been formed with the names of plants, nature, human bodies and celestial bodies, were used. In a certain way, common and different worldview among the communities belonging to these languages have been depicted. First of all, we can say that the phenomenon of language has a common value for all humanity. At the same time, language is the national identity of a society. We can say that the biggest factor in this event is ‘culture’. Hereby, the emergence of different languages has become inevitable. One of the most important reasons for the diversity of languages is that societies from different races and cultures interpret the world from different perspectives. This has facilitated the diversity of worldview of societies and the emergence of different cultures. The basis of all these differences lies in the fact that the nations’ life experience and lifestyle, geography, myths and belief system are different. Finally, culture is the worldview of a particular society, and language is a means of expressing and preserving it.

Keywords: Language, Culture, Semiotics, Code, Worldview, Society.