Reşat ŞAKAR

This article discusses the philosophical and methodological bases of the study of functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness, in terms of field theory in the Russian language. Category of animateness-inanimateness poorly understood in the modern Russian linguistics. In the study of the subject inevitably raises a number of methodological problems. To investigate the functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness, the most important methodological problems are: 1) the problem of the functional approach to language and 2) the problem of the system description language material. From the point of view of this, we argue that the functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness - is a complex multi-level system, formed by units of different language levels. Also, one of the most important ideas of the general theory of systems is the position of the interaction of the system and the environment (i.e., the relevant system environment). In the analysis of functional-semantic field in the center of which is always in a morphological category, you must rely on the methodological distinction between system and environment.

Key words: functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness, systems approach, system and environment, field theory, functional grammar.