Banu DAVUN

This study analyzes the Phoenix mosaic discovered in the Sanliurfa-Edessa region through the lens of art criticism and provides an iconographic evaluation. In both Turkish and global mythology, the Phoenix (Zumurrud-Anka) symbolizes rebirth and immortality. Represented under various names across cultures, this legendary bird has been depicted in diverse art forms, including mosaics.
The Sanliurfa-Edessa mosaic is a rare artifact from antiquity, offering a unique portrayal of the Phoenix. The study explores the mosaic’s construction techniques, materials, and stylistic features, examining the artistic and cultural influences of its time. Additionally, the architectural context and function of the structure housing the mosaic are analyzed.

The iconographic analysis focuses on the visual elements of the Phoenix, including its posture, wingspan, and the color and patterns of its feathers. By comparing these details with mythological narratives, the research identifies the artistic emphasis and the intended messages conveyed through the mosaic. The study also evaluates the societal, religious, and cultural significance of the Phoenix as perceived by the local population.

The Sanliurfa-Edessa Phoenix mosaic serves as a rich subject for artistic and iconographic analysis, highlighting the cultural interactions and mythological symbols of the region. Beyond its aesthetic value, this mosaic provides crucial insights into the belief systems and social structures of its era.

Keywords: Mosaic Art, Edessa, Phoenix (Zumurrud-Anka), Mythology, Iconography, Art Criticism