Sahip olduğu toplumu veya toplumları korumak, adaleti tesis etmek ve ortak refah sağlamak üzere bireyler tarafından meydana getirilen devlet aygıtı, bünyesinden çıkan hükümetler yoluyla ülke yönetimini elinde bulundurmaktadır. Söz konusu yönetim erkini oluşturan yasama, yürütme ve yargı birimlerinin oluşumu ve kullanımına yönelik geleneklerin ve kuralların belirlenmesi ve siyasi iktidarın belirlenen sınırlar içine dahil edilebilmesi fikri ise oldukça eskiye dayanmaktadır. Konu hakkındaki tartışmalar Antik Yunan’dan Fransız Devrimi’ne ve günümüze intikal etmesine karşın bu çalışmada Montesquieu ve Jean-Jacques Rousseau’nun savları ön planda tutulmuş olup, Montesquieu ve Rousseau’nun sosyal statüleri ile ekonomik koşullarının söz konusu ilkelere muhtemel etkileri literatür taraması yöntemiyle analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
The state apparatus created by individuals in order to protect the society or societies it
owns, to establish justice and to provide common welfare, possesses the government of the
country through its governments. The idea of determining the customs and rules for the
formation and use of the legislative, executive and judicial units constituting the
administration power in question and the inclusion of political power within the boundaries
is quite old. Although the discussions on the subject have been transferred from the Ancient
Greek to the French Revolution and today, the arguments of Montesquieu and J. J.
Rousseau have been given priority and the effect of the social stratification behind the
principles of unity of forces and separation of forces has been tried to be examined.
Montesquieu, who inherited the title of a Baroness from his uncle and a considerable
legacy, and Rousseau, who lived a life of misery from the day he was born to the day he
died, and at the bottom of the phenomenon of social stratification; There is an inverse
symmetry in terms of social status, world perception and political view. Accordingly,
Montesquieu's noble noble does not have difficulty in accessing resources and being
involved in political life and in this context, the theory of the separation of powers is based
on the theory of the lowest level of social hierarchy Rousseau's power to obtain and
maintain the power of the principle of the unity of forces to maintain the principle of
strength. based on the opinion that yogurt.
As a result of this determination, the possible effects of the social status and economic
conditions of Montesquieu and Rousseau on the principles of unity of powers and
separation of powers were revealed and literature review was preferred as a method.
This study was carried out on individuals or groups who were excluded by the society and
therefore wanted to gain power; It has been prepared within the scope of the hypothesis that
they attach great importance to access to power, authority and resources compared to
individuals above the social strata.